[Convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG index with the Braden scale in people cared for in home care]. / Validez convergente y discriminativa del índice Frágil-VIG con la escala de Braden en personas atendidas en atención domiciliaria.

The Frail-VIG index and the Braden scale are validated instruments for assessing frailty and the risk of developing dependency-related skin lesions respectively. The Frail-VIG index is a multidimensional instrument that allows rapid and efficient assessment of the degree of frailty in the context of clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG index with regard to Braden scale value. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study in 2 primary health care centres of the Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona (Spain). Participants in the study were all people included under a home care programme during the year 2018. No exclusion criteria were applied. We used the Frail-VIG index to measure frailty and the Braden scale to measure the risk of developing pressure ulcers. Trained nurses administered both instruments during face-to-face assessments in a participant's home during usual care. The relationships between both instruments were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Four hundred and twelve participants were included. Frail-VIG score and Braden scale value were negatively correlated (r=-0.597; P<.0001). Non-frail people had a lower risk of developing dependency-related skin lesions than moderate to severe frail people. The Braden scale value declined significantly as the Frail-VIG index score increased. CONCLUSIONS: Frail-VIG index demonstrated a convergent validity with the Braden scale. Its discriminative validity was optimal, as their scores showed an excellent capacity to differentiate between people with a higher and lower risk of developing. These findings provide additional pieces of evidence for construct validity of the Frail-VIG index.

Validez convergente y discriminativa del índice Frágil-VIG con la escala de Braden en personas atendidas en atención domiciliaria / Convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG index with the Braden scale in people cared for in home care

El índice de fragilidad Frágil-VIG y la escala de Braden son instrumentos validados para la valoración de la fragilidad y el riesgo de desarrollar lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia respectivamente. El índice Frágil-VIG es un instrumento multidimensional que permite una evaluación rápida y eficaz del grado de fragilidad en el contexto de la práctica clínica.Objetivo: Investigar la validez convergente y discriminativa del índice Frágil-VIG respecto a la escala de Braden.Métodos: Estudio transversal en 2 centros de atención primaria de salud de Barcelona. Participaron en el estudio todas las personas incluidas en el programa de atención domiciliaria durante el año 2018, sin criterios de exclusión. Enfermeras de atención primaria de salud administraron el índice Frágil-VIG y la escala de Braden mediante evaluaciones personales en el domicilio de cada participante durante la atención habitual. Las relaciones entre ambos instrumentos se examinaron mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson.Resultados: Se incluyeron 412 participantes. La puntuación del índice Frágil-VIG correlacionó negativamente con la escala de Braden (r=−0,597; p<0,0001). Las personas no frágiles tenían un riesgo de padecer lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia sustancialmente menor que las personas con fragilidad moderada y grave. El valor de la escala de Braden disminuyó significativamente a medida que aumentó la puntuación del índice Frágil-VIG.Conclusiones: El índice Frágil-VIG demostró validez convergente con la escala de Braden. Su validez discriminativa fue óptima, con una excelente capacidad para diferenciar entre personas con y sin riesgo de padecer lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia. Estos hallazgos proporcionan pruebas adicionales para la validez de constructo del índice Frágil-VIG. (AU)

The Frail-VIG index and the Braden scale are validated instruments for assessing frailty and the risk of developing dependency-related skin lesions respectively. The Frail-VIG index is a multidimensional instrument that allows rapid and efficient assessment of the degree of frailty in the context of clinical practice.Objective: Our aim was to investigate the convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG index with regard to Braden scale value.Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study in 2 primary health care centres of the Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona (Spain). Participants in the study were all people included under a home care programme during the year 2018. No exclusion criteria were applied. We used the Frail-VIG index to measure frailty and the Braden scale to measure the risk of developing pressure ulcers. Trained nurses administered both instruments during face-to-face assessments in a participant's home during usual care. The relationships between both instruments were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results: Four hundred and twelve participants were included. Frail-VIG score and Braden scale value were negatively correlated (r=−0.597; P<.0001). Non-frail people had a lower risk of developing dependency-related skin lesions than moderate to severe frail people. The Braden scale value declined significantly as the Frail-VIG index score increased.Conclusions: Frail-VIG index demonstrated a convergent validity with the Braden scale. Its discriminative validity was optimal, as their scores showed an excellent capacity to differentiate between people with a higher and lower risk of developing. These findings provide additional pieces of evidence for construct validity of the Frail-VIG index. (AU)

Profiles of Frailty among Older People Users of a Home-Based Primary Care Service in an Urban Area of Barcelona (Spain): An Observational Study and Cluster Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The multidimensional assessment of frailty allows stratifying it into degrees; however, there is still heterogeneity in the characteristics of people in each stratum. The aim of this study was to identify frailty profiles of older people users of a home-based primary care service. METHODS: We carried out an observational study from January 2018 to January 2021. Participants were all people cared for a home-based primary care service. We performed a cluster analysis by applying a k-means clustering technique. Cluster labeling was determined with the 22 variables of the Frail-VIG index, age, and sex. We computed multiple indexes to assess the optimal number of clusters, and this was selected based on a clinical assessment of the best options. RESULTS: Four hundred and twelve participants were clustered into six profiles. Three of these profiles corresponded to a moderate frailty degree, two to a severe frailty degree and one to a mild frailty degree. In addition, almost 75% of the participants were clustered into three profiles which corresponded to mild and moderate degree of frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Different profiles were found within the same degree of frailty. Knowledge of these profiles can be useful in developing strategies tailored to these differentiated care needs.

Convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG index with the EQ-5D-3L in people cared for in primary health care.

BACKGROUND: The Frail-VIG frailty index has been developed recently. It is an instrument with a multidimensional approach and a pragmatic purpose that allows rapid and efficient assessment of the degree of frailty in the context of clinical practice. Our aim was to investigate the convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG frailty index with regard to EQ-5D-3L value. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study in two Primary Health Care (PHC) centres of the Catalan Institute of Health (Institut Català de la Salut), Barcelona (Spain) from February 2017 to January 2019. Participants in the study were all people included under a home care programme during the study period. No exclusion criteria were applied. We used the EQ-5D-3L to measure Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and the Frail-VIG index to measure frailty. Trained PHC nurses administered both instruments during face-to-face assessments in a participant's home during usual care. The relationships between both instruments were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS: Four hundred and twelve participants were included in this study. Frail-VIG score and EQ-5D-3L value were negatively correlated (r = - 0.510; P < 0.001). Non-frail people reported a substantially better HRQoL than people with moderate and severe frailty. EQ-5D-3L value declined significantly as the Frail-VIG index score increased. CONCLUSIONS: Frail-VIG index demonstrated a convergent validity with the EQ-5D-3L value. Its discriminative validity was optimal, as their scores showed an excellent capacity to differentiate between people with better and worse HRQoL. These findings provide additional pieces of evidence for construct validity of the Frail-VIG index.

Calidad de vida percibida de los pacientes complejos en un programa de gestión de casos en atención primaria de salud / Quality of life perceived by complex patients in a case management program in primary health care

Objetivo Describir la calidad de vida de los pacientes complejos atendidos en un programa de gestión de casos en Atención Primaria de Salud. Material y métodos Estudio descriptivo transversal, mediante muestreo consecutivo, de los pacientes complejos sin deterioro cognitivo atendidos durante el segundo semestre de 2010 en 2 áreas básicas de salud de Barcelona litoral. Se administró el test EuroQol, mediante entrevista individualizada, analizándose los valores en la escala visual analógica (EQ-EVA), y el índice EuroQol, a partir de las 5 dimensiones clave del instrumento. Resultados Se analizan 50 pacientes, con una edad media de 71,46 años, de las cuales son mujeres el 66%. De las dimensiones clave, el dolor es el problema más prevalente, presente en el 80% de los casos, seguido de los problemas de movilidad, actividades de la vida cotidiana, y ansiedad/depresión, con el 62,5%, y por último, los problemas para el cuidado personal, con el 47,5%. Los valores globales en EQ-EVA e índice EuroQol son 51,89 (DE 21,19) y 0,53 (DE 0,26), respectivamente. Se ha detectado peor calidad de vida en EQ-EVA e índice EuroQol en mujeres, y en situaciones de soledad, comorbilidad e hiperfrecuentación al hospital. En el caso de EQ-EVA se aprecia una tendencia a puntuar mejor a mayor edad, y sensiblemente inferior en el caso de los hombres que viven solos (EQ-EVA 36,67 ± 15,27). Conclusiones Los pacientes complejos de nuestro contexto presentan peor calidad de vida que la población >70 años de Cataluña. El uso del EuroQol es útil para realizar comparaciones entre grupos poblacionales (AU)

Objective: To determine the quality of life of complex patients who were part of a case management program in Primary Health Care. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on complex patients who had no cognitive impairment selected by consecutive sampling, who were seen, during the last six months of the year 2010, in two Basic Health Areas on the Coast of Barcelona (Spain). The EuroQol test was administered as an individualised questionnaire. The values were assessed by using Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) and EuroQol index, from the five key dimensions of the instrument. Results: Fifty patients with a mean age of 71.46 years, and 66% of whom were female, were included in the study. Within the key dimensions, pain was the most important problem in 80% of cases, followed by mobility problems, activities of daily life and anxiety/depression problems in 62.5%, and finally, personal care problems in 47.5% of cases. The global values of EQ-VAS and EuroQol index were 51.89 (SD 21.19) and 0.53 (SD 0.26), respectively. The worst quality of life was detected in EQ-VAS and EuroQol Index for women, in situations of loneliness, co-morbidity, and with higher frequency of visits to hospital. In the EQ-VAS, there was a tendency to score higher when older, and significantly less in case of the men living alone (EQ-EVA 36.67 ± 15.27). Conclusions: Complex patients in our context have a worst quality of life than the general population in Catalonia older than 70 years old (AU)

[Quality of life perceived by complex patients in a case management program in primary health care]. / Calidad de vida percibida de los pacientes complejos en un programa de gestión de casos en atención primaria de salud.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the quality of life of complex patients who were part of a case management program in Primary Health Care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on complex patients who had no cognitive impairment selected by consecutive sampling, who were seen, during the last six months of the year 2010, in two Basic Health Areas on the Coast of Barcelona (Spain). The EuroQol test was administered as an individualised questionnaire. The values were assessed by using Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) and EuroQol index, from the five key dimensions of the instrument. RESULTS: Fifty patients with a mean age of 71.46 years, and 66% of whom were female, were included in the study. Within the key dimensions, pain was the most important problem in 80% of cases, followed by mobility problems, activities of daily life and anxiety/depression problems in 62.5%, and finally, personal care problems in 47.5% of cases. The global values of EQ-VAS and EuroQol index were 51.89 (SD 21.19) and 0.53 (SD 0.26), respectively. The worst quality of life was detected in EQ-VAS and EuroQol Index for women, in situations of loneliness, co-morbidity, and with higher frequency of visits to hospital. In the EQ-VAS, there was a tendency to score higher when older, and significantly less in case of the men living alone (EQ-EVA 36.67±15.27) CONCLUSIONS: Complex patients in our context have a worst quality of life than the general population in Catalonia older than 70 years old. EuroQol is useful to perform comparisons between population groups.